![]() On July 21, 1945, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union decreed to establish Pechengsky District with the administrative center in Nikel on the ceded territory and to include this district as a part of Murmansk Oblast. Retreating German forces destroyed the power plant and partially the smelter. In 1944, the Red Army occupied Petsamo, and Finland had to cede it to the Soviet Union as part of the Moscow Armistice signed on September 19, 1944. By placing the power plant security on a lower priority, Speer was able to make the transportation shipments of the vital ore to Germany move quicker. Captured during the invasion of Russia, the mines’ ore heaps remained in the yards and had not been shipped out due to a priority of bomb-proofing the power station and smelter. ![]() In December 1943 Albert Speer, German Minister of Armaments and War Production, flew on an inspection tour to Kolosjoki, which by then was the sole supplier of nickel to the Third Reich. The hydro power plant in Jäniskoski started operations in 1942, making it possible to smelt the ore locally. During World War II, the ore was mainly sold to Germany. The first mining operations began in the same year. In summer 1940, the Finnish government took over the mines from the British company. In the following peace agreement only the Finnish part of the Rybachy Peninsula was ceded to the Soviet Union, although the Soviets had occupied all of Petsamo during the war. In the Winter War of 1939–1940, the Soviet Union occupied Petsamo. The company began building a railway, as well as other infrastructure, between the town, then known as Kolosjoki, and Liinahamari harbor. ![]() In 1934, the Finnish Government awarded the mining right to the British Mond Nickel Co, subsidiary of International Nickel Co ( Inco), that founded the Petsamon Nikkeli Oy mining company. The amount was estimated to be five million tons. In the 1930s huge reserves of nickel were found on fells nearby. In the 1920 Treaty of Tartu, Soviet Russia ceded the area of Petsamo to Finland.
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